Understanding Advanced Treatment Units for Septic Systems

Septic systems are essential for managing household wastewater in areas without access to municipal sewer systems. While traditional septic systems have served many homes well, advanced treatment units (ATUs) offer a more effective way to treat wastewater, especially in sensitive environments or where stricter regulations apply. This post explains what an advanced treatment unit is, how it differs from traditional septic systems, and practical advice on maintaining an ATU.

What Is an Advanced Treatment Unit for Septic Systems?

An advanced treatment unit is a specialized septic system component engineered to improve the quality of wastewater before it is released into the environment. Unlike traditional septic tanks, which mainly settle solids and rely on natural soil filtration, ATUs employ extra tanks and pumps to diminish contaminants like nitrogen, phosphorus, and pathogens before the effluent reaches the leach field. This is necessary due to the poor soil conditions and varying absorption rates in Pinal and Maricopa County, which do not permit the soil to filter as effectively as in conventional septic systems.

These units frequently incorporate mechanical or biological treatment stages like aeration, filtration, or disinfection, which are vital components of the wastewater treatment process. The mechanical treatment phase generally involves removing large solids and debris from the wastewater, using screens and grit chambers to ensure the efficiency of subsequent treatment processes. This initial step is crucial for preventing equipment damage and reducing the burden on biological treatment systems.

After mechanical treatment, biological treatment steps are applied, where microorganisms are essential for breaking down organic matter in the wastewater. Aeration is a common biological treatment method that introduces air into the wastewater, fostering the growth of aerobic bacteria. These bacteria consume organic pollutants, transforming them into harmless byproducts. This process not only lowers the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) of the effluent but also helps stabilize the organic content, making the water safer for discharge or further treatment.

Filtration is another key step in the treatment process, where finer particles and remaining impurities are removed from the effluent. Various filtration methods may be used, including sand filters, activated carbon filters, or membrane filtration systems, each selected based on the specific needs of the treatment facility and the influent quality. This step is critical for ensuring that the treated water complies with regulatory standards for environmental discharge.

Disinfection is often the final treatment step before effluent release. This process aims to eliminate harmful pathogens that could threaten public health and the environment. Common disinfection methods include chlorination, ultraviolet (UV) light treatment, and ozonation. Each method has its pros and cons, and the choice of disinfection technique depends on factors like the type of contaminants present and the desired effluent quality.

The primary goal of these treatment processes is to produce cleaner effluent that protects groundwater and nearby water bodies from pollution. By effectively removing pollutants and pathogens, these treatment units play a crucial role in safeguarding aquatic ecosystems and ensuring water resources remain available and safe for human use. Moreover, the treated effluent can frequently be repurposed for various uses, such as irrigation or industrial activities, further enhancing sustainable water management practices in various Arizona cities, from Carefree to Scottsdale and even Queen Creek. Overall, the integration of mechanical, biological, and disinfection steps in wastewater treatment units is essential for achieving high-quality effluent that meets environmental standards and promotes public health.

How Advanced Treatment Units Differ from Traditional Septic Systems

Traditional septic systems consist of a septic tank and a drain field. Wastewater flows into the tank, where solids settle, and the liquid effluent slowly percolates through the soil in the drain field. This process relies heavily on natural soil filtration and microbial activity.

In contrast, advanced treatment units add extra layers of treatment before the effluent reaches the drain field or is discharged. Key differences include:

• Treatment Process: ATUs often use aeration to introduce oxygen, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria that break down organic matter more efficiently.

• Effluent Quality: The treated water from an ATU has fewer pollutants, making it safer for sensitive environments.

• System Complexity: ATUs have mechanical components like pumps, aerators, or filters, requiring more attention than traditional systems.

• Regulatory Approval: Many jurisdictions require ATUs in areas with poor soil conditions or near water bodies to meet environmental standards.

  
  

Do’s and Don’ts for Advanced Treatment Units

Proper use and care of an ATU ensure it functions well and lasts longer. Here are some essential do’s and don’ts:

Do’s

• Schedule Regular Inspections

Have a professional inspect your ATU at least once a year. They will check mechanical parts, electrical components, and overall system performance. If any parts of the septic system fail, they need to be repaired or replaced, otherwise, they system won't work properly.

• Pump the Tank as Recommended

Even with advanced treatment, solids continue to accumulate in the septic tank. Follow the pumping schedule suggested by your service provider, usually every 3 to 5 years. This differs from an inspection.

• Monitor Electrical Components

Since many ATUs rely on electricity, ensure that aerators, pumps, and alarms are working correctly. Replace worn parts promptly.

• Conserve Water

Excessive water use can overload the system. Spread out showers, laundry and dishwasher load to avoid overwhelming the units or even switch out to low-flow appliances.

• Use Septic-Safe Products

Avoid harsh chemicals, antibacterial soaps, or excessive grease that can harm the beneficial bacteria in the system.

Don’ts

• Don’t Ignore Warning Alarms

Many ATUs have alarms to signal malfunctions. Never silence or ignore these alerts; they indicate the system needs attention, especially after an inspection has taken place.

• Don’t Flush Non-Biodegradable Items

Items like wipes, feminine hygiene products, or plastics can clog the system and damage components.

• Don’t Plant Trees Near the System

Roots can invade pipes and tanks, causing blockages or damage.

• Don’t Drive or Park Over the System

Heavy vehicles can crush pipes or compact soil, reducing system effectiveness.

• Don’t Attempt DIY Repairs

ATUs are complex systems. Leave repairs and maintenance to professionals like BEST Septic Solutions to avoid costly mistakes.

What Is It Like to Maintain an Advanced Treatment Unit?

Maintaining an ATU requires more attention than a traditional septic system but is manageable with the right approach. Here’s what Phoenix Metropolitan homeowners can expect:

• Routine Monitoring

Many ATUs have control panels with indicators or alarms. Homeowners should check these regularly and report any issues promptly.

• Professional Service Visits

A trained technician will perform inspections, clean filters, check aerators, and test effluent quality. These visits help catch problems early.

• Component Replacement

Mechanical parts such as pumps and aerators have limited lifespans. Expect to replace these every 5 to 10 years depending on usage and model.

• Record Keeping

Keep detailed records of inspections, pumping, repairs, and any unusual system behavior. This information helps service providers diagnose issues quickly.

• Cost Considerations

Maintenance costs for ATUs are higher than traditional septic systems due to their complexity. Budgeting for regular service and occasional repairs is essential.

Why Choose an Advanced Treatment Unit?

ATUs are especially valuable in areas where traditional septic systems may fail to protect the environment. For example:

• Properties near lakes, rivers, or wetlands benefit from cleaner effluent.

• Sites with poor soil drainage or high-water tables require enhanced treatment.

• Communities with strict environmental regulations often mandate ATUs.

  
  

By investing in an advanced treatment unit, Arizona homeowners not only guarantee cleaner water but also greatly reduce the risk of expensive system failures associated with outdated or insufficient water treatment methods. These modern units use state-of-the-art technology to effectively remove contaminants, ensuring that water is of the highest quality. The advanced filtration systems typically feature multiple purification stages, which together eliminate harmful bacteria, viruses, and chemical pollutants. Proud Arizona homeowners who make this investment safeguard their health and financial interests while also making a positive contribution to the broader community and the planet.